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Hywind Scotland is the world's first commercial wind farm using floating wind turbines, situated 29 kilometres (18 mi) off Peterhead, Scotland. The farm has five 6 MW Hywind floating turbines with a total capacity of 30 MW.[1] It is operated by Hywind (Scotland) Limited, a joint venture of Equinor (75%) and Masdar (25%).[2]

Hywind Scotland
CountryScotland, United Kingdom
LocationScotland, Grampian
Coordinates57°29′N 01°21′W
StatusOperational
Construction began2016
Commission dateOctober 2017
Construction cost£264m
Owner(s)Equinor (75%)
Masdar (25%)
Operator(s)Hywind (Scotland) Limited
Wind farm
TypeOffshore
Max. water depth95–120 m (312–394 ft)
Distance from shore25 km (16 mi)
Hub height101 m (331 ft)
Rotor diameter154 m (505 ft)
Rated wind speed10.1 m/s (36 km/h)
Site area15 km2 (5.8 sq mi)
Power generation
Units operational5 x 6 MW
Make and modelSiemens Wind Power SWT-6.0-154
Nameplate capacity30 MW
[edit on Wikidata]

Equinor (then: Statoil) launched the world's first operational deep-water floating large-capacity wind turbine, Hywind, in 2009.[3] The 120 metres (390 ft) tall tower with a 2.3 MW turbine was towed 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) offshore into the Amoy Fjord in 220 metres (720 ft) deep water, off of Stavanger, Norway on 9 June 2009 for a two-year test run,[4] but stayed for about 10 years[5] while surviving 40 m/s wind speed and 19 m waves.[6]

In 2015, the company received permission to install the wind farm in Scotland, in an attempt at reducing the cost relative to the original Hywind.[7][8] Manufacturing for the project, with a budgeted cost of NOK2 billion (£152m), started in 2016 in Spain, Norway and Scotland. The turbines were assembled at Stord in Norway in summer 2017 using the Saipem 7000 floating crane, and the finished turbines were moved to near Peterhead.[9][10][11] Three suction anchors hold each turbine.[12] Hywind Scotland was commissioned in October 2017.[13][14][15] While cost was reduced compared to the very expensive Hywind one,[6][16] it still came with a final capital cost of £264m, or £8.8m/MW, approximately three times the capital cost of fixed offshore windfarms.[17]

In its first years of operation the facility has averaged a capacity factor in excess of 50%.[18][19][20]


See also



References


  1. Hill, Joshua S. (16 February 2018). "Hywind Scotland, World's First Floating Wind Farm, Performing Better Than Expected". CleanTechnica. Sustainable Enterprises Media, Inc. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
  2. "Masdar joint venture Hywind Scotland surpasses targets". The Gulf Today. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
  3. Ramsey Cox (February–March 2010). "Water Power + Wind Power = Win!". Mother Earth News. Retrieved 3 May 2010.
  4. Patel, Prachi (22 June 2009). "Floating Wind Turbines to Be Tested". IEEE Spectrum. Archived from the original on 28 June 2009. Retrieved 25 June 2009.
  5. Førde, Thomas (8 January 2019). "Equinor selger verdens første flytende vindmølle til Unitech". Tu.no (in Norwegian). Teknisk Ukeblad. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020.
  6. Vicente, Rubén Durán (21 April 2020). "Pathway to cost reduction in floating wind technology" (PDF). corewind.eu.
  7. "How Hywind works - equinor.com". www.equinor.com. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021.
  8. "Hywind Scotland remains the UK's best performing offshore wind farm - equinor.com". www.equinor.com. 23 March 2021.
  9. "Nå starter monteringen av Statoils flytende vindmøller". SYSLA. 17 February 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  10. "Gigant-moduler til verdens første flytende vindpark har ankommet Stordbase". Teknisk Ukeblad. 16 February 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  11. "Floating turbines deliver first electricity". BBC News. 18 October 2017. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  12. Jannicke Nilsen. "Sjekk dimensjonene: Disse kjettingene skal feste Statoils flytende vindmølle til havbunnen". Teknisk Ukeblad. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  13. McCulloch, Scott (2 November 2015). "Statoil to pilot floating wind farm scheme offshore Peterhead". Daily Record.
  14. "Floating wind farm to be installed off Peterhead". BBC News. 2 November 2015.
  15. "Hywind Scotland Pilot Park Offshore Wind Farm". 4COffshore.
  16. "Hywind Scotland is 'proving potential' of floating offshore wind". 23 March 2021. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021.
  17. "Hywind, low economics: The cost of floating offshore wind power". GWPF.
  18. "Equinor and ORE Catapult collaborating to share Hywind Scotland operational data - equinor.com". www.equinor.com. 28 November 2019.
  19. "UK offshore wind capacity factors". energynumbers.info. 31 January 2020. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020.
  20. "Hywind Scotland floating wind farm boasts of 57.1% capacity factor". Renewablesnow.com. 23 March 2021. Archived from the original on 23 March 2021.

На других языках

[de] Hywind Scotland

Hywind Scotland ist der weltweit erste kommerziell genutzte Windpark, der aus schwimmenden Windkraftanlagen besteht und seit 2017 in Betrieb.[1] Der Park liegt etwa 29 Kilometer vor Peterhead an der Küste Schottlands in der Nordsee. Hywind Scotland besteht aus 5 Windkraftanlagen vom Typ Siemens SWT-6.0-154 mit einer Gesamtleistung von 30 MW.[2] Er wird betrieben von Hywind (Scotland) Limited, einem Joint Venture der Equinor (75 % Anteil) und Masdar (25 %).
- [en] Hywind Scotland


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